IPV4 Addressing

Fig 1: IPv4 Addressing

Internet Protocol Address version 4 is the address that is 32-bits address which is use to identify the specific machine on the Internet. There are two types of address which play an important role in the Internet. 

One type is public addresses and other type is private addresses. Private Addresses are the addresses that we use in our private network like in home and small offices and on the other hand there are public addresses that are used to go into the internet pool/network. Here below the table is IPv4 Addressing in below figure.

Fig 2 : IPv4 Addressing Table

                                                         

Classes:

There are five classes of the IPv4 in the classful concept and that classes are the A,B,C,D, and E.

Usages:

The first three classes of the ipv4 are for the commercial usage that IP addresses are for sale by the registries according to the areas that work under the IANA. And the next two classes are for multicasting and testing purposes these classes are reserved and theses classes are not for the commercial usages.
Ranges:

There are many addresses in IP version 4 there are approximately 4.29 billions addresses in this version. So different ranges of classes of IPv4 we identify the class by the decimal value in the first octet.

A     0-127 is the actual range of class A. 1-126 is the commercial range of class A.

B     128-191 is the commercial range of the class B.

C     192-223 is the commercial range of the class C.

D     224-239 is the range of class D for Multicasting.

E     240-255 is the range of class E for Testing.
1st Bits:

A   0 (If first bit in the first octet in binary version of IPv4 is zero than it represent the class A).

B   10 (If first two bits in the first octet in binary version of IPv4 is "10" than it represent the class B).

C   110 (If first three bits in first octet in binary version of IPv4 is "110" than it represent the class C).

D   1110 (If first three bits in first octet in binary version of IPv4 is "1110" than it represent the class D).

E   1111(If first four bits in the first octet in binary version of IPv4 is "1111" than it represent class B).

Subnet Masks:

Subnet Mask is like the IP address that show the network part of the IP address and also the host part.

A   255.0.0.0  

B   255.255.0.0 

C   255.255.255.0

D   Not Applicable  

E   Not Applicable 

Network/Host Bits:

A    8 / 24

B    16 / 16

C    24 / 8

D    Not Applicable 

E    Not Applicable 

Private Addresses:

Private Addresses are the addresses that we use in our private network like in home and small offices.

A    10.0.0.0 /8

B    172.16.0.0/12

C    192.168.0.0/16

D    Not Applicable 

E    Not Applicable